Rescher, Nicholas
Overview
| Works: | 423 works in 2,996 publications in 3 languages and 127,129 library holdings |
|---|---|
| Genres: | Periodicals Biography Introductions Criticism, interpretation, etc History |
| Roles: | Author, Editor, Other, Translator, Author of introduction, Creator, Honoree, Annotator |
| Classifications: | B1, 191 |
Publication Timeline
.
Most widely held works about
Nicholas Rescher
- Autobiography by Nicholas Rescher( )
- After Whitehead : Rescher on process metaphysics by Michel Weber( )
- Rescher on rationality, values, and social responsibility : a philosophical portrait by Nicholas J Moutafakis( )
- Idealism and praxis : the philosophy of Nicholas Rescher by Michele Marsonet( )
- Rescher studies : a collection of essays on the philosophical work of Nicholas Rescher ; presented to him on the occasion of his 80th birthday by Robert Almeder( )
- Studies in cognitive finitude by Nicholas Rescher( )
- Reason, method, and value : a reader on the philosophy of Nicholas Rescher by Nicholas Rescher( )
- The primacy of practical reason : an essay on Nicholas Rescher's philosophy by Michele Marsonet( Book )
- Praxis and reason : studies in the philosophy of Nicholas Rescher( Book )
- Nicholas Rescher, das philosophische System : Einführung, Überblick, Diskussionen by Wulf Kellerwessel( )
- Pragmatism and objectivity : essays sparked by the work of Nicholas Rescher by Sami Pihlström( )
- Instructive journey : an essay in autobiography by Nicholas Rescher( Book )
- Mid-journey : an unfinished autobiography by Nicholas Rescher( Book )
- Pragmatic idealism and scientific prediction : a philosophical system and its approach to prediction in science by Amanda Guillán( )
- Ongoing journey by Nicholas Rescher( Book )
- Enlightening journey : the autobiography of an American scholar by Nicholas Rescher( Book )
- Pragmatic idealism : critical essays on Nicholas Rescher's system of pragmatic idealism( Book )
- Die Kohärenztheorie der Wahrheit : eine kritische Darstellung der Theorie Reschers vor ihrem historischen Hintergrund by Heiner Coomann( Book )
- Studies in philosophical anthropology by Nicholas Rescher( Book )
- The aporetics of religious diversity by Geert Drieghe( )
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Most widely held works by
Nicholas Rescher
Process metaphysics : an introduction to process philosophy by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
13 editions published in 1996 in English and held by 1,930 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Rescher (philosophy, U. of Pittsburgh) offers a synoptic and compact introduction to the 20th-century American school of philosophy. After tracing the historical background from Heraclitus to Dewey, Whitehead, and Sheldon, he discusses the basic ideas, particulars, universals, the process philosophy
13 editions published in 1996 in English and held by 1,930 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Rescher (philosophy, U. of Pittsburgh) offers a synoptic and compact introduction to the 20th-century American school of philosophy. After tracing the historical background from Heraclitus to Dewey, Whitehead, and Sheldon, he discusses the basic ideas, particulars, universals, the process philosophy
Epistemology : an introduction to the theory of knowledge by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
18 editions published in 2003 in English and held by 1,889 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
18 editions published in 2003 in English and held by 1,889 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Conditionals by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
16 editions published in 2007 in English and held by 1,798 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"This book by philosopher Nicholas Rescher seeks to clarify the idea of what a conditional says by elucidating the information that is normally transmitted by its utterance. The result is a unified treatment of conditionals based on epistemological principles rather than the semantical principles in vogue over recent decades. This approach, argues Rescher, makes it easier to understand how conditionals actually function in our thought and discourse. In its concern with what language theorists call pragmatics - the study of the norms and principles governing our use of language in conveying information - Conditionals steps beyond the limits of logic as traditionally understood and moves into the realm claimed by theorists of artificial intelligence as they try to simulate our actual information-processing practices."--Jacket
16 editions published in 2007 in English and held by 1,798 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"This book by philosopher Nicholas Rescher seeks to clarify the idea of what a conditional says by elucidating the information that is normally transmitted by its utterance. The result is a unified treatment of conditionals based on epistemological principles rather than the semantical principles in vogue over recent decades. This approach, argues Rescher, makes it easier to understand how conditionals actually function in our thought and discourse. In its concern with what language theorists call pragmatics - the study of the norms and principles governing our use of language in conveying information - Conditionals steps beyond the limits of logic as traditionally understood and moves into the realm claimed by theorists of artificial intelligence as they try to simulate our actual information-processing practices."--Jacket
Luck : the brilliant randomness of everyday life by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
23 editions published between 1995 and 2001 in English and held by 1,789 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The author, a philosopher, offers examples from antiquity to the present of how luck or chance influences life and of how to come to terms with life in a chaotic world
23 editions published between 1995 and 2001 in English and held by 1,789 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The author, a philosopher, offers examples from antiquity to the present of how luck or chance influences life and of how to come to terms with life in a chaotic world
Philosophical dialectics : an essay on metaphilosophy by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
15 editions published between 2006 and 2007 in English and Undetermined and held by 1,698 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"While the pursuit of philosophy "of" studies - of science, of art, of politics - has blossomed, the philosophy of philosophy remains a comparatively neglected domain. In this book, Nicholas Rescher fills this gap by offering a study in methodology aimed at providing a clear view of the scope and limits of philosophical inquiry. He argues that philosophy's inability to resolve all of the problems of the field does not preclude the prospect of achieving a satisfactory resolution of many or even most of them."--Jacket
15 editions published between 2006 and 2007 in English and Undetermined and held by 1,698 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"While the pursuit of philosophy "of" studies - of science, of art, of politics - has blossomed, the philosophy of philosophy remains a comparatively neglected domain. In this book, Nicholas Rescher fills this gap by offering a study in methodology aimed at providing a clear view of the scope and limits of philosophical inquiry. He argues that philosophy's inability to resolve all of the problems of the field does not preclude the prospect of achieving a satisfactory resolution of many or even most of them."--Jacket
Dialectics : a controversy-oriented approach to the theory of knowledge by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
11 editions published in 1977 in English and held by 1,649 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
11 editions published in 1977 in English and held by 1,649 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The limits of science by
Nicholas Rescher(
Book
)
32 editions published between 1984 and 2014 in 3 languages and held by 1,572 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"Perfected science, according to Nicholas Rescher, is "not a realizable condition of things but an idealization that provides a useful contrast conception to highlight the limited character of what we do and can attain." Rescher's discussion focuses on the theoretical limits of science - concentrating on what science can discover, not what it should discover. He explores in detail the existence of limits or limitations on scientific inquiry, especially those that, in principle, preclude the full realization of the aims of science, as opposed to those that relate economic obstacles to scientific progress."--Jacket
32 editions published between 1984 and 2014 in 3 languages and held by 1,572 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"Perfected science, according to Nicholas Rescher, is "not a realizable condition of things but an idealization that provides a useful contrast conception to highlight the limited character of what we do and can attain." Rescher's discussion focuses on the theoretical limits of science - concentrating on what science can discover, not what it should discover. He explores in detail the existence of limits or limitations on scientific inquiry, especially those that, in principle, preclude the full realization of the aims of science, as opposed to those that relate economic obstacles to scientific progress."--Jacket
On explaining existence by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
9 editions published in 2013 in English and held by 1,477 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
No short book on the explanation of existence can afford the hubris of claiming to accomplish this task. And certainly no such claim can be or is being made here. What is at issue is not-and cannot be-an actual explanation. Rather, what is attempted here is at the very most a rough sketch of the conceptual architecture that an adequate explanation can be expected to exhibit. No more is achieved than a rough and general indication of the direction in which a satisfactory explanation can unfold. A vast amount of detail will have to be filled in to provide a tenable explanation. Only the rough sh
9 editions published in 2013 in English and held by 1,477 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
No short book on the explanation of existence can afford the hubris of claiming to accomplish this task. And certainly no such claim can be or is being made here. What is at issue is not-and cannot be-an actual explanation. Rather, what is attempted here is at the very most a rough sketch of the conceptual architecture that an adequate explanation can be expected to exhibit. No more is achieved than a rough and general indication of the direction in which a satisfactory explanation can unfold. A vast amount of detail will have to be filled in to provide a tenable explanation. Only the rough sh
Scholastic meditations by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
12 editions published in 2005 in English and held by 1,428 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The studies gathered in this volume seek to do homage to the spirit of Scholasticism. They address key issues in that tradition - some from a historical point of view, others from a more substantive standpoint."--Jacket
12 editions published in 2005 in English and held by 1,428 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The studies gathered in this volume seek to do homage to the spirit of Scholasticism. They address key issues in that tradition - some from a historical point of view, others from a more substantive standpoint."--Jacket
Epistemic merit : and other essays on human knowledge by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
11 editions published in 2013 in English and held by 1,423 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The present book continues Rescher's longstanding practice of publishing groups of philosophical essays that originated in occasional lecture and conference presentations. Notwithstanding their topical diversity they exhibit a uniformity of method in a common attempt to view historically significant philosophical issues in the light of modern perspectives opened up through conceptual clarification
11 editions published in 2013 in English and held by 1,423 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The present book continues Rescher's longstanding practice of publishing groups of philosophical essays that originated in occasional lecture and conference presentations. Notwithstanding their topical diversity they exhibit a uniformity of method in a common attempt to view historically significant philosophical issues in the light of modern perspectives opened up through conceptual clarification
Philosophical deliberations by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
10 editions published in 2013 in English and held by 1,416 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Main description: Philosophical Deliberations continues for the 2011-12 biennium Rescher longstanding practice of publishing groups of philosophical essays. Notwithstanding their thematic diversity, these discussions exhibit a uniformity of method in addressing philosophical issues and a commonality of objective: the elucidation of philosophically pivotal ideas
10 editions published in 2013 in English and held by 1,416 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Main description: Philosophical Deliberations continues for the 2011-12 biennium Rescher longstanding practice of publishing groups of philosophical essays. Notwithstanding their thematic diversity, these discussions exhibit a uniformity of method in addressing philosophical issues and a commonality of objective: the elucidation of philosophically pivotal ideas
On Leibniz by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
22 editions published between 2003 and 2013 in English and Undetermined and held by 1,330 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) possessed one of history's great minds. The German philosopher, mathematician, and logician invented (independently of Sir Isaac Newton) calculus. His metaphysics bequeathed a set of problems and approaches that drove the course of Western philosophy, from Kant's eighteenth century until the present day. For over fifty years, the study of Leibniz has been a consistent passion for distinguished philosopher Nicholas Rescher.'On Leibniz' offers eleven of his essays, written with signature clarity, exploring the aspects of Leibniz's work and life that still resonate in the discipline of philosophy. Rescher's essays are snapshots of Leibniz, lucidly drawn case studies that explain the fundamentals of his ontology: the theory of possible worlds, the world's contingency, space-time frameworks, and intermonadic relationships
22 editions published between 2003 and 2013 in English and Undetermined and held by 1,330 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) possessed one of history's great minds. The German philosopher, mathematician, and logician invented (independently of Sir Isaac Newton) calculus. His metaphysics bequeathed a set of problems and approaches that drove the course of Western philosophy, from Kant's eighteenth century until the present day. For over fifty years, the study of Leibniz has been a consistent passion for distinguished philosopher Nicholas Rescher.'On Leibniz' offers eleven of his essays, written with signature clarity, exploring the aspects of Leibniz's work and life that still resonate in the discipline of philosophy. Rescher's essays are snapshots of Leibniz, lucidly drawn case studies that explain the fundamentals of his ontology: the theory of possible worlds, the world's contingency, space-time frameworks, and intermonadic relationships
Process philosophy : a survey of basic issues by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
12 editions published in 2000 in English and held by 1,324 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"Process Philosophy surveys the basic issues and controversies surrounding the philosophical approach known as "process philosophy." While providing a much needed explication of process philosophy, Rescher makes a persuasive argument for restoring it to its place in the mainstream of philosophical inquiry." "Process philosophy views temporality, activity, and change as the essential factors for our understanding of the real - process has priority over product, both ontologically and epistemically. Rescher examines the movement's historical origins as a major line of thought in the work of such philosophers as Heracleitus, Leibniz, Bergson, Peirce, William James, and especially A.N. Whitehead." "Written by one of our foremost philosophers, this new text will be especially welcomed by professors as a perspicuous and informative introduction to process philosophy."--Jacket
12 editions published in 2000 in English and held by 1,324 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"Process Philosophy surveys the basic issues and controversies surrounding the philosophical approach known as "process philosophy." While providing a much needed explication of process philosophy, Rescher makes a persuasive argument for restoring it to its place in the mainstream of philosophical inquiry." "Process philosophy views temporality, activity, and change as the essential factors for our understanding of the real - process has priority over product, both ontologically and epistemically. Rescher examines the movement's historical origins as a major line of thought in the work of such philosophers as Heracleitus, Leibniz, Bergson, Peirce, William James, and especially A.N. Whitehead." "Written by one of our foremost philosophers, this new text will be especially welcomed by professors as a perspicuous and informative introduction to process philosophy."--Jacket
Reality and its appearance by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
11 editions published between 2010 and 2011 in English and held by 1,323 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"In Reality and Its Appearance, Nicholas Rescher aims to address the conceptual and analytical question: how does the concept of reality function and how should we think with regard to the issue of reality's relations to appearances? Rescher argues that the distinction between reality and its appearance is not a substantive distinction between two types of being, but rather relates to different ways of understanding one selfsame mode of being." "The book proposes that while realism is a sensible and tenable position, nevertheless there is something to be said for idealism as well. In the cognitive as in the moral life, perfection is beyond our human grasp and we have no choice but to rest content with the best that we can manage to achieve in practice. This perspective shifts the approach from a cognitive absolutism to a pragmatism that is prepared to come to terms with the limitations inherent in our situations. On this basis Rescher defends a substantive realism that itself rests on a justificatory rationale of a decidedly pragmatic orientation"--Jacket
11 editions published between 2010 and 2011 in English and held by 1,323 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"In Reality and Its Appearance, Nicholas Rescher aims to address the conceptual and analytical question: how does the concept of reality function and how should we think with regard to the issue of reality's relations to appearances? Rescher argues that the distinction between reality and its appearance is not a substantive distinction between two types of being, but rather relates to different ways of understanding one selfsame mode of being." "The book proposes that while realism is a sensible and tenable position, nevertheless there is something to be said for idealism as well. In the cognitive as in the moral life, perfection is beyond our human grasp and we have no choice but to rest content with the best that we can manage to achieve in practice. This perspective shifts the approach from a cognitive absolutism to a pragmatism that is prepared to come to terms with the limitations inherent in our situations. On this basis Rescher defends a substantive realism that itself rests on a justificatory rationale of a decidedly pragmatic orientation"--Jacket
Epistemic logic : a survey of the logic of knowledge by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
16 editions published in 2005 in English and held by 1,297 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"Epistemic Logic examines the nature of knowledge, the conceptual ramifications of defining knowledge, and the reach and limits of what we know. As the branch of philosophy that formalizes the discourse on knowledge, epistemic logic seeks to articulate and clarify the general principles of reasoning about knowledge. Nicholas Rescher gives an overview of the discipline by setting out the general principles for reasoning about such matters as propositional knowledge and interrogative knowledge. Aimed at graduate students and specialists, it elucidates both Rescher's pragmatic view of knowledge and the field in general."--Jacket
16 editions published in 2005 in English and held by 1,297 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"Epistemic Logic examines the nature of knowledge, the conceptual ramifications of defining knowledge, and the reach and limits of what we know. As the branch of philosophy that formalizes the discourse on knowledge, epistemic logic seeks to articulate and clarify the general principles of reasoning about knowledge. Nicholas Rescher gives an overview of the discipline by setting out the general principles for reasoning about such matters as propositional knowledge and interrogative knowledge. Aimed at graduate students and specialists, it elucidates both Rescher's pragmatic view of knowledge and the field in general."--Jacket
American philosophical quarterly(
)
in English and Undetermined and held by 1,290 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
År 2000, Vol. 37, Hft. 4
in English and Undetermined and held by 1,290 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
År 2000, Vol. 37, Hft. 4
Error : on our predicament when things go wrong by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
12 editions published between 2006 and 2007 in English and held by 1,269 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"In Error, Nicholas Rescher presents a fresh analysis of the occurrence, causality, and consequences of error in human thought, action, and evaluation. Rescher maintains that error-avoidance and truth-achievement are distinct but equally important factors for rational inquiry, and that error is inherent in the human cognitive process (to err is human). He defines three main categories of error cognitive (failure to realize truths); practical (failure related to the objective of an action): and axiological (failure in evaluation), and articulates the factors that contribute to each. His discussion also provides a historical perspective on the treatment of error by Greek philosophers and later thinkers such as Aquinas, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, James, Royce, Moore, and Russell."--Jacket
12 editions published between 2006 and 2007 in English and held by 1,269 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"In Error, Nicholas Rescher presents a fresh analysis of the occurrence, causality, and consequences of error in human thought, action, and evaluation. Rescher maintains that error-avoidance and truth-achievement are distinct but equally important factors for rational inquiry, and that error is inherent in the human cognitive process (to err is human). He defines three main categories of error cognitive (failure to realize truths); practical (failure related to the objective of an action): and axiological (failure in evaluation), and articulates the factors that contribute to each. His discussion also provides a historical perspective on the treatment of error by Greek philosophers and later thinkers such as Aquinas, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, James, Royce, Moore, and Russell."--Jacket
Aporetics : rational deliberation in the face of inconsistency by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
13 editions published in 2009 in English and held by 1,212 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The word apory stems from the Greek aporia, meaning impasse or perplexing difficulty. In Aporetics, Nicholas Rescher defines an apory as a group of individually plausible but collectively incompatible theses. Rescher examines historic, formulaic, and systematic apories and couples these with aporetic theory from other authors to form this original and comprehensive survey. Citing thinkers from the pre-Socratics through Spinoza, Hegel, and Nicolai Hartmann, he builds a framework for coping with the complexities of divergent theses, and shows in detail how aporetic analysis can be applied to a variety of fields including philosophy, mathematics, linguistics, logic, and intellectual history." "Rescher's in-depth examination reveals how aporetic inconsistency can be managed through a plausibility analysis that breaks the chain of inconsistency at its weakest link by deploying right-of-way precedence based on considerations of cognitive centrality. Thus while involvement with cognitive conflicts and inconsistencies are pervasive in human thought, aporetic analysis can provide an effective means of damage control."--Jacket
13 editions published in 2009 in English and held by 1,212 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The word apory stems from the Greek aporia, meaning impasse or perplexing difficulty. In Aporetics, Nicholas Rescher defines an apory as a group of individually plausible but collectively incompatible theses. Rescher examines historic, formulaic, and systematic apories and couples these with aporetic theory from other authors to form this original and comprehensive survey. Citing thinkers from the pre-Socratics through Spinoza, Hegel, and Nicolai Hartmann, he builds a framework for coping with the complexities of divergent theses, and shows in detail how aporetic analysis can be applied to a variety of fields including philosophy, mathematics, linguistics, logic, and intellectual history." "Rescher's in-depth examination reveals how aporetic inconsistency can be managed through a plausibility analysis that breaks the chain of inconsistency at its weakest link by deploying right-of-way precedence based on considerations of cognitive centrality. Thus while involvement with cognitive conflicts and inconsistencies are pervasive in human thought, aporetic analysis can provide an effective means of damage control."--Jacket
Philosophical inquiries : an introduction to problems of philosophy by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
10 editions published in 2010 in English and held by 1,187 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The task of philosophy -- Knowledge and scepticism -- Limits of science -- Realism/idealism -- Intelligent design -- Fallacies regarding free will -- Mind and matter -- Pragmatism and practical rationality -- The demands of morality -- By whose standards? -- Pluralism and concretization quandaries -- The power of ideals -- Science and religion -- On the improvability of the world -- Why philosophy?
10 editions published in 2010 in English and held by 1,187 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The task of philosophy -- Knowledge and scepticism -- Limits of science -- Realism/idealism -- Intelligent design -- Fallacies regarding free will -- Mind and matter -- Pragmatism and practical rationality -- The demands of morality -- By whose standards? -- Pluralism and concretization quandaries -- The power of ideals -- Science and religion -- On the improvability of the world -- Why philosophy?
Philosophical standardism : an empiricist approach to philosophical methodology by
Nicholas Rescher(
)
16 editions published between 1994 and 2000 in English and held by 1,182 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Now in paperback, Philosophical Standardism is ideal for bringing one of the fields preeminent scholars into the classroom. In this novel empirical treatment of fundamental issues in philosophy, Nicholas Rescher propounds an unorthodox approach to philosophical doctrines that is predicated on the idea of standardism
16 editions published between 1994 and 2000 in English and held by 1,182 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Now in paperback, Philosophical Standardism is ideal for bringing one of the fields preeminent scholars into the classroom. In this novel empirical treatment of fundamental issues in philosophy, Nicholas Rescher propounds an unorthodox approach to philosophical doctrines that is predicated on the idea of standardism
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Related Identities
- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm Freiherr von 1646-1716 Author Contributor
- Grim, Patrick Annotator Author
- Weber, Michel 1963- Author Editor
- Whitehead, Alfred North 1861-1947
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Philosophy
- Philosophy Documentation Center
- Marsonet, Michele Author
- Baier, Kurt Author Editor
- Moutafakis, Nicholas J. 1941- Author
- Almeder, Robert F. Editor
Useful Links
Associated Subjects
Aporia Chance Cognition Conditionals (Logic) Dialectic Empiricism Epistemics Error Existentialism Fate and fatalism Fortune Habermas, Jürgen Idealism Inconsistency (Logic) Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.) Knowledge, Theory of Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm,--Freiherr von, Logic Metaphysics Methodology Norm (Philosophy) Ontology Philosophers Philosophical anthropology Philosophy Philosophy, Modern Philosophy and science Practice (Philosophy) Pragmatism Process philosophy Progress Realism Reality Religion--Philosophy Religions Religious pluralism Rescher, Nicholas Research--Moral and ethical aspects Scholasticism Science--Philosophy Sociology--Research Truth United States Whitehead, Alfred North,
Covers
Alternative Names
Nicholas Rescher Amerikaans filosoof
Nicholas Rescher filósofo estadounidense
Nicholas Rescher philosophe américain
Nicholas Rescher US-amerikanischer Philosoph
Rescher, Klaus Helmut Erwin.
Rescher Klaus Helmut Erwin 1928-....
Rescher, N.
Rescher, N. 1928-
Rescher, Nicholas
Rescher, Nicolas.
Rescher, Nicolas 1928-
Rescher-Urquhart, .. 1928-
Rīshar, Nīqūlā
Николас Решер американски филозоф
Николас Решер американский философ
ريشر، نيقولا
ريشر، نيكولاس، 1928-
نيقولا ريشر، 1928-
نيکولاس رشر فيلسوف أمريكي
نیکولاس رشر فیلسوف آمریکایی
레셔, 니컬러스
レッシャー, ニコラス
雷謝爾
Languages