Spencer, Herbert 1820-1903
Overview
| Works: | 2,792 works in 11,874 publications in 15 languages and 104,112 library holdings |
|---|---|
| Genres: | History Biographies Conference papers and proceedings Trivia and miscellanea Academic theses Abstracts Handbooks and manuals Criticism, interpretation, etc |
| Roles: | Author, Editor, Author of introduction, Other, Creator, Dedicatee, Composer, Correspondent, Bibliographic antecedent, Contributor, Photographer, Translator, Performer |
| Classifications: | HM51, 301 |
Publication Timeline
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Most widely held works about
Herbert Spencer
- George Eliot and Herbert Spencer : feminism, evolutionism, and the reconstruction of gender by Nancy L Paxton( )
- Herbert Spencer and the invention of modern life by Mark Francis( )
- The philosophy of Herbert Spencer by Michael Taylor( )
- Individualism and the social order : the social element in liberal thought by Charles R McCann( )
- Herbert Spencer : the evolution of a sociologist by J. D. Y Peel( Book )
- Banquet at Delmonico's : great minds, the Gilded Age, and the triumph of evolution in America by Barry Werth( Book )
- Herbert Spencer by Alberto Mingardi( )
- Rhetorical style and bourgeois virtue : capitalism and civil society in the British Enlightenment by Mark Garrett Longaker( )
- Herbert Spencer by Hugh Elliot( Book )
- Getting it wrong from the beginning : our progressivist inheritance from Herbert Spencer, John Dewey, and Jean Piaget by Kieran Egan( Book )
- The complicity of friends : how George Eliot, G.H. Lewes, and John Hughlings-Jackson encoded Herbert Spencer's secret by Martin N Raitiere( )
- Herbert Spencer by James Gettier Kennedy( Book )
- Pioneers of evolution : from Thales to Huxley : with an intermediate chapter on the causes of arrest of the movement by Edward Clodd( Book )
- Global spencerism : the communication and appropriation of a British evolutionist( )
- Herbert Spencer : a renewed appreciation by Jonathan H Turner( Book )
- An autobiography by Herbert Spencer( Book )
- A perplexed philosopher: being an examination of Mr. Herbert Spencer's various utterances on the land question, with some incidental reference to his synthetic philosophy by Henry George( Book )
- Lectures on the ethics of T.H. Green, Mr. Herbert Spencer, and J. Martineau by Henry Sidgwick( Book )
- Kant and Spencer : a critical exposition by Borden Parker Bowne( Book )
- The social and political thought of Herbert Spencer by David Wiltshire( Book )
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Most widely held works by
Herbert Spencer
First principles by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
488 editions published between 1860 and 2020 in 5 languages and held by 4,321 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Proposes to give the overall image of knowledge and doctrine in various fields of science both the physical and abstract ones
488 editions published between 1860 and 2020 in 5 languages and held by 4,321 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Proposes to give the overall image of knowledge and doctrine in various fields of science both the physical and abstract ones
Education : intellectual, moral, and physical by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
454 editions published between 1800 and 2019 in 7 languages and held by 3,370 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
School bulletin publications. First edition: New York, 1861
454 editions published between 1800 and 2019 in 7 languages and held by 3,370 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
School bulletin publications. First edition: New York, 1861
Principles of sociology by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
318 editions published between 1876 and 2015 in 6 languages and held by 2,931 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
'Principles' first publ. 1876-96. Selections edited by Stanislav Andreski
318 editions published between 1876 and 2015 in 6 languages and held by 2,931 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
'Principles' first publ. 1876-96. Selections edited by Stanislav Andreski
The data of ethics by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
253 editions published between 1800 and 2020 in English and held by 2,860 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"In this volume Herbert Spencer covers the "data" of ethics (Part I), the "inductions" of ethics (Part II), and the ethics of individual life (Part III). He maintains that there is a natural mechanism--an 'innate moral sense'--in human beings by which they come to arrive at certain moral intuitions and from which laws of conduct might be deduced. Spencer adopted a utilitarian standard of ultimate value--the greatest happiness of the greatest number--and the culmination of the evolutionary process would be the maximization of utility. In the perfect society individuals would not only derive pleasure from the exercise of altruism but would aim to avoid inflicting pain on others. This volume was subsequently published (in 1897) as the first part of The principles of ethics: Volume 1." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
253 editions published between 1800 and 2020 in English and held by 2,860 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"In this volume Herbert Spencer covers the "data" of ethics (Part I), the "inductions" of ethics (Part II), and the ethics of individual life (Part III). He maintains that there is a natural mechanism--an 'innate moral sense'--in human beings by which they come to arrive at certain moral intuitions and from which laws of conduct might be deduced. Spencer adopted a utilitarian standard of ultimate value--the greatest happiness of the greatest number--and the culmination of the evolutionary process would be the maximization of utility. In the perfect society individuals would not only derive pleasure from the exercise of altruism but would aim to avoid inflicting pain on others. This volume was subsequently published (in 1897) as the first part of The principles of ethics: Volume 1." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved)
The principles of ethics by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
156 editions published between 1879 and 2019 in 5 languages and held by 2,605 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"This edition ... follows the text of the edition published in New York in 1897 by D. Appleton and Company." Includes bibliographical references and indexes
156 editions published between 1879 and 2019 in 5 languages and held by 2,605 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"This edition ... follows the text of the edition published in New York in 1897 by D. Appleton and Company." Includes bibliographical references and indexes
The study of sociology by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
333 editions published between 1873 and 2018 in 4 languages and held by 2,519 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
333 editions published between 1873 and 2018 in 4 languages and held by 2,519 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Essays on education and kindred subjects by
Herbert Spencer(
)
84 editions published between 1910 and 2015 in 3 languages and held by 2,468 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Although philosophers have been pontificating on education and pedagogy since ancient times, Victorian thinker Herbert Spencer's ideas about education proved to be instrumental in helping to shape modern thinking about teaching and learning. The four essays collected in this volume were particularly influential in helping to define the liberal arts curricula that would take hold in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A must-read for educators, homeschooling proponents, or anyone interested in learning processes
84 editions published between 1910 and 2015 in 3 languages and held by 2,468 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Although philosophers have been pontificating on education and pedagogy since ancient times, Victorian thinker Herbert Spencer's ideas about education proved to be instrumental in helping to shape modern thinking about teaching and learning. The four essays collected in this volume were particularly influential in helping to define the liberal arts curricula that would take hold in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A must-read for educators, homeschooling proponents, or anyone interested in learning processes
The principles of biology by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
120 editions published between 1866 and 1915 in English and Undetermined and held by 1,831 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
120 editions published between 1866 and 1915 in English and Undetermined and held by 1,831 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The principles of psychology by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
186 editions published between 1855 and 2015 in English and held by 1,775 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The Principles of Psychology was the first of Spencer's works to bring his name to prominence, not least by drawing him into the extended epistemological debate with John Stuart Mill. The Principles exercised an important influence on the following generation of psychologists, including William James, one of the pioneers of experimental psychology, and neurologist Hughlings Jackson
186 editions published between 1855 and 2015 in English and held by 1,775 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The Principles of Psychology was the first of Spencer's works to bring his name to prominence, not least by drawing him into the extended epistemological debate with John Stuart Mill. The Principles exercised an important influence on the following generation of psychologists, including William James, one of the pioneers of experimental psychology, and neurologist Hughlings Jackson
Philosophy of style by
Herbert Spencer(
)
43 editions published between 1852 and 2018 in English and Japanese and held by 1,623 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Herbert Spencer was an English philosopher and prominent social theorist of the Victorian era. In his work <i>The Philosophy of Style</i> he argues that written language should be as easy to understand as possible, allowing for the most effective and efficient possible communication. His suggestions for sentence structure supported ideas on formalist rhetoric
43 editions published between 1852 and 2018 in English and Japanese and held by 1,623 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Herbert Spencer was an English philosopher and prominent social theorist of the Victorian era. In his work <i>The Philosophy of Style</i> he argues that written language should be as easy to understand as possible, allowing for the most effective and efficient possible communication. His suggestions for sentence structure supported ideas on formalist rhetoric
The man versus the state by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
136 editions published between 1881 and 2019 in 6 languages and held by 1,613 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The new toryism.--The coming slavery.--From freedom to bondage.--The sins of legislators.--Over-legislation.--The great political superstition
136 editions published between 1881 and 2019 in 6 languages and held by 1,613 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The new toryism.--The coming slavery.--From freedom to bondage.--The sins of legislators.--Over-legislation.--The great political superstition
The man versus the state : with six essays on government, society, and freedom by
Herbert Spencer(
)
34 editions published between 1981 and 2012 in English and held by 1,373 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
34 editions published between 1981 and 2012 in English and held by 1,373 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Social statics; or, The conditions essential to human happiness specified, and the first of them developed by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
113 editions published between 1851 and 2010 in 3 languages and held by 1,335 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"Note to chapter IV" : p. [90]a-90d
113 editions published between 1851 and 2010 in 3 languages and held by 1,335 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"Note to chapter IV" : p. [90]a-90d
Social statics, abridged and revised; together with the man versus the state by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
74 editions published between 1851 and 2018 in English and held by 1,044 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
It has seemed best, however, to leave them as they were; partly because the arguments remain equally valid though their data are altered; partly because substituting other illustrations would entail on me more labour than I can now afford; and partly because, even were the illustrations brought up to date, lapse of years would soon make them out of date. My first intention was to call this volume, or rather part of a volume, "Fragments from Social Statics," and afterwards, "Selections from Social Statics." Both of these titles, however, seemed to indicate a much less coherent assemblage of parts than it contains. On the other hand, to call it an abridgment is somewhat misleading; since the word fails to imply that large and constructively-important parts are omitted. No title, however, appears appropriate; and I have at length decided that Social Statics, abridged and revised, is the least inappropriate"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
74 editions published between 1851 and 2018 in English and held by 1,044 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
It has seemed best, however, to leave them as they were; partly because the arguments remain equally valid though their data are altered; partly because substituting other illustrations would entail on me more labour than I can now afford; and partly because, even were the illustrations brought up to date, lapse of years would soon make them out of date. My first intention was to call this volume, or rather part of a volume, "Fragments from Social Statics," and afterwards, "Selections from Social Statics." Both of these titles, however, seemed to indicate a much less coherent assemblage of parts than it contains. On the other hand, to call it an abridgment is somewhat misleading; since the word fails to imply that large and constructively-important parts are omitted. No title, however, appears appropriate; and I have at length decided that Social Statics, abridged and revised, is the least inappropriate"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Essays, scientific, political, and speculative by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
150 editions published between 1858 and 2020 in 3 languages and held by 1,018 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Over-legislation. Representative government--what is it good for? State-tamperings with money and banks. Parliamentary reform: the dangers and the safe-guards. "The collective wisdom." Political fetichism. Specialized administration. From freedom to bondage. The Americans. Index, by F. Howard Collins. I. The development hypothesis. Progress: its law and cause. Transcendental physiology. The nebular hypothesis. Illogical geology. Bain on the emotions and the will. The social organism. The origin of animal worship. Morals and moral sentiments. The comparative psychology of man. Mr. Martineau on evolution. The factors of organic evolution.--II. The genesis of science. The classification of the sciences. Reasons for dissenting from the philosophy of M. Comte. On laws in general, and the order of their discovery. The valuation of evidence. What is electricity? Mill versus Hamilton--The test of truth. Replies to criticisms. Prof. Green's explanations. The philosophy of style. Use and beauty. The sources of architectural types. Gracefulness. Personal beauty. The origin and function of music. The physiology of laughter.--III. Manners and fashion. Railway morals and railway policy. The morals of trade. Prison-ethics. The ethics of Kant. Absolute political ethics
150 editions published between 1858 and 2020 in 3 languages and held by 1,018 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Over-legislation. Representative government--what is it good for? State-tamperings with money and banks. Parliamentary reform: the dangers and the safe-guards. "The collective wisdom." Political fetichism. Specialized administration. From freedom to bondage. The Americans. Index, by F. Howard Collins. I. The development hypothesis. Progress: its law and cause. Transcendental physiology. The nebular hypothesis. Illogical geology. Bain on the emotions and the will. The social organism. The origin of animal worship. Morals and moral sentiments. The comparative psychology of man. Mr. Martineau on evolution. The factors of organic evolution.--II. The genesis of science. The classification of the sciences. Reasons for dissenting from the philosophy of M. Comte. On laws in general, and the order of their discovery. The valuation of evidence. What is electricity? Mill versus Hamilton--The test of truth. Replies to criticisms. Prof. Green's explanations. The philosophy of style. Use and beauty. The sources of architectural types. Gracefulness. Personal beauty. The origin and function of music. The physiology of laughter.--III. Manners and fashion. Railway morals and railway policy. The morals of trade. Prison-ethics. The ethics of Kant. Absolute political ethics
Illustrations of universal progress; a series of discussions by
Herbert Spencer(
)
66 editions published between 1864 and 2012 in English and held by 992 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The essays contained in the present volume were first published in the English periodicals--chiefly the Quarterly Reviews. They contain ideas of permanent interest, and display an amount of thought and labor evidently much greater than is usually bestowed on review articles. They were written with a view to ultimate republication in an enduring form, and were issued in London with several other papers, under the title of "Essays; Scientific, Political, and Speculative," first and second series--the former appearing in 1857, and the latter in 1863. They are now, however, issued in a new form, and are more suited to develop the author's purpose in their preparation; for while each of these essays has its intrinsic and independent claims upon the reader's attention, they are all at the same time but parts of a connected and comprehensive argument. Nearly all of Mr. Spencer's essays have relations more or less direct to the general doctrine of Evolution--a doctrine which he has probably done more to unfold and illustrate than any other thinker. The papers comprised in the present volume are those which deal with the subject in its most obvious and prominent aspects"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)
66 editions published between 1864 and 2012 in English and held by 992 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The essays contained in the present volume were first published in the English periodicals--chiefly the Quarterly Reviews. They contain ideas of permanent interest, and display an amount of thought and labor evidently much greater than is usually bestowed on review articles. They were written with a view to ultimate republication in an enduring form, and were issued in London with several other papers, under the title of "Essays; Scientific, Political, and Speculative," first and second series--the former appearing in 1857, and the latter in 1863. They are now, however, issued in a new form, and are more suited to develop the author's purpose in their preparation; for while each of these essays has its intrinsic and independent claims upon the reader's attention, they are all at the same time but parts of a connected and comprehensive argument. Nearly all of Mr. Spencer's essays have relations more or less direct to the general doctrine of Evolution--a doctrine which he has probably done more to unfold and illustrate than any other thinker. The papers comprised in the present volume are those which deal with the subject in its most obvious and prominent aspects"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)
The evolution of society : selections from Herbert Spencer's Principles of sociology by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
16 editions published between 1967 and 1974 in English and held by 949 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
16 editions published between 1967 and 1974 in English and held by 949 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Facts and comments by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
70 editions published between 1902 and 2008 in 3 languages and held by 932 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Call number of original: B1653.F34 1902. Master microform held by: DLC
70 editions published between 1902 and 2008 in 3 languages and held by 932 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Call number of original: B1653.F34 1902. Master microform held by: DLC
Herbert Spencer on education by
Herbert Spencer(
Book
)
19 editions published between 1932 and 1966 in English and Undetermined and held by 849 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
19 editions published between 1932 and 1966 in English and Undetermined and held by 849 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
An epitome of the synthetic philosophy by
Herbert Spencer(
)
62 editions published between 1889 and 2017 in 4 languages and held by 811 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The object of this volume is to give in a condensed form the general principles of Mr. Herbert Spencer's Philosophy as far as possible in his original words. In order to carry out this intention each section (ʹ) has been reduced, with but few exceptions, to one tenth; the five thousand and more pages of the original being thus represented by a little over five hundred. The Epitome consequently represents The Synthetic Philosophy as it would be seen through a diminishing glass: the original proportion holding between all its varied parts. Should this volume lead the general reader to a better acquaintance with Mr. Spencer's own works, I shall feel amply repaid for my labour. My warmest thanks are due to Mr. Spencer for his invaluable preface; and also to Miss Beatrice Potter, and Mr. Henry R. Tedder, F.S.A., the able and accomplished secretary and librarian of the Athenaeum Club, for their valuable suggestions while the work has been in progress"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
62 editions published between 1889 and 2017 in 4 languages and held by 811 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The object of this volume is to give in a condensed form the general principles of Mr. Herbert Spencer's Philosophy as far as possible in his original words. In order to carry out this intention each section (ʹ) has been reduced, with but few exceptions, to one tenth; the five thousand and more pages of the original being thus represented by a little over five hundred. The Epitome consequently represents The Synthetic Philosophy as it would be seen through a diminishing glass: the original proportion holding between all its varied parts. Should this volume lead the general reader to a better acquaintance with Mr. Spencer's own works, I shall feel amply repaid for my labour. My warmest thanks are due to Mr. Spencer for his invaluable preface; and also to Miss Beatrice Potter, and Mr. Henry R. Tedder, F.S.A., the able and accomplished secretary and librarian of the Athenaeum Club, for their valuable suggestions while the work has been in progress"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
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Related Identities
- Mill, John Stuart 1806-1873 Author
- Eliot, George 1819-1880
- Taylor, Michael 1962- Author of introduction Author Editor
- Peel, J. D. Y. (John David Yeadon) 1941-2015 Compiler Author Editor Creator
- Francis, Mark 1944- Author Editor
- Comte, Auguste 1798-1857 Other Author in quotations or text abstracts Author
- Paxton, Nancy L. 1949- Author
- Lewes, George Henry 1817-1878
- Huxley, Thomas Henry 1825-1895
- Hayek, Friedrich A. von (Friedrich August) 1899-1992
Useful Links
Associated Subjects
Biology Delmonico's Restaurant (New York, N.Y.) Dewey, John, Dinners and dining Education Education--Philosophy Eliot, George, England Ethics Ethics, Evolutionary Evolution Evolution (Biology) in literature Feminism and literature Gender identity in literature Great Britain Human evolution--Social aspects Huxley, Thomas Henry, Individualism Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.) Intellectual life Intellectuals Land use Literature and science Manners and customs New York (State)--New York Philosophers Philosophers, Modern Philosophy Philosophy, English Philosophy, Modern Piaget, Jean, Political science Politics and government Progressive education Psychology Science Sex role in literature Social change Social conditions Social Darwinism Social evolution Social history Social sciences Sociologists Sociology Sociology--Study and teaching Spencer, Herbert, State, The United States Women in literature
Covers
Alternative Names
Herber Spencer
Herbert Spencer
Herbert Spencer angielski filozof oraz socjolog
Herbert Spencer angla filozofo kaj sociologo
Herbert Spencer anglický filosof, biolog, sociolog a prominentní klasický liberární politický teoretik (1820-1903)
Herbert Spencer Brits filosoof
Herbert Spencer engelsk filosof
Herbert Spencer englantilainen filosofi ja sosiologi
Herbert Spencer englischer Philosoph und Soziologe
Herbert Spencer English philosopher, biologist, sociologist, and prominent classical liberal political theorist (1820-1903)
Herbert Spencer filòsof, psicòleg i sociòleg anglès
Herbert Spencer filosofo britannico
Herbert Spencer Filsuf asal Inggris
Herbert Spencer herbert spenser
Herbert Spencer İngiliz filozof ve sosyolog
Herbert Spencer naturalista, filósofo, psicólogo, antropólogo y sociólogo inglés
Herbert Spencer philosophe et sociologue anglais
Herbert Spenser
Herbertas Spenseris
Herberts Spensers angļu filozofs, biologs, antropologs, sociologs un politikas teorētiķis
Herbertus Spencer
Sibinsai 1820-1903
Spencer.
Spencer 1820-1903
Spencer, Erberto
Spencer Erberto 1820-1903
Spencer, Gerbert
Spencer, Gerbert, 1820-1903
Spencer H.
Spencer H. 1820-1903
Spencer, H. (Hebert), 1820-1903
Spencer, H. (Herbert), 1820-1903
Spencer Herber
Spencer, Heriberto 1820-1903
Spenser.
Spenser, Gerbert.
Spenser, Gerbert 1820-1903
Spenser, Herbert.
Spenser, Herberṭ 1820-1903
Spenseris Herbertas
Spensers, H. 1820-1903
Spensers, H. (Herberts), 1820-1903
Spensers, Herberts 1820-1903
Supensa
Supensa, Habato
Supenseru
Σπένσερ Ερβέρτος (1820-1903)
Χέρμπερτ Σπένσερ
Герберт Спенсер британский философ и социолог
Спенсер
Спенсер Г.
Спенсер Г. 1820-1903
Спенсер, Г. (Герберт), 1820-1903
Спенсер Герберт
Спенсер, Герберт 1820-1903
Спенсеръ, Гербертъ, 1820-1903
Херберт Спенсер
Хърбърт Спенсър
Хърбърт Спенсър английски философ, биолог, социолог и политически теоретик
Һерберт Спенсер
Հերբերտ Սփենսեր
הרברט ספנסר
ספנסר, הרברט
ספנסר, הרברט 1820־1903
ספענסער, הערבערט
ספענסער, הערבערט 1820־1903
ספענסער, הערבערט 1903-1820
سبنسر, هربرت
سبنسر، هربرت 1820-1903
سپنسر, ھربرٹ
هربرت اسپنسر
هربرت سبنسر
هربرت سبنسر، 1820-1903
هربرټ سپېنسر
हरबर्ट स्पेंसर
হার্বার্ট স্পেন্সার
ਹਰਬਰਟ ਸਪੈਂਸਰ
எர்பெர்ட் இஸ்பென்சர்
హెర్బర్ట్ స్పెన్సర్
ಹರ್ಬರ್ಟ್ ಸ್ಪೆನ್ಸರ್
හර්බට් ස්පෙන්සර්
ဆပင်စာ ဟားဗတ်
ჰერბერტ სპენსერი ბრიტანელი ფილოსოფოსი და სოციოლოგი
사빈새, 혁백특 1820-1903
스펜서, 허버트 1820-1903
쓰빈싸이, 허보터 1820-1903
허버트 스펜서
혁백특·사빈새 1820-1903
スペンサー
スペンサー, H.
スペンサー, ハーバート
スペンセル
スペンセル, ハルバルト
ハーバート・スペンサー
夏拔史賓莎
斯本色
斯宾塞 1820-1903
斯辺撤
斯辺瑣
斯辺鎖
斯辺鎖, 波
斯辺鎖, 袍巴土
赫伯特·斯宾塞
赫伯特·斯宾塞 英國哲學家，生物學家，社會學家和著名的古典自由主義政治理論家
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