García Rodríguez, Lourdes

Comunicación y pluralismo by María Teresa Aubach Guiu( Book )

4 editions published in 1994 in Spanish and held by 12 WorldCat member libraries worldwide

Comunicación, pluralismo e información en Europa - Comunicación, pluralismo e información en los países en desarrollo y culturas minoritarias - Comunicación, pluralismo y medios de comunicación locales - Comunicación, pluralismo y estructura de la información - Comunicación, pluralismo y nuevas tecnologías - Comunicación, pluralismo y opinión pública - Comunicación, pluralismo y transmisión de la fe - Comunicación, pluralismo e historia contemporánea - Comunicación, pluralismo, ética y deontología - Comunicación, pluralismo y derecho de la información

Theoretical analysis of high efficient multi-effect distillation processes and their integration into concentrating solar power plants by Bartolomé Ortega Delgado( Book )

3 editions published between 2016 and 2017 in English and Spanish and held by 3 WorldCat member libraries worldwide

Water scarcity and energy supply are currently two of the major problems faced by the global society. The growth of the world's population along with the rise of industrial activities, especially in developing countries, is leading to a rapid increase of the energy consumption and the construction of new power plants. Most of these plants are based on fossil fuels, which emit harmful greenhouse gases (mainly CO2) and contribute to global warming on Earth. Power production technologies which use renewable energies (solar, wind, geothermal, etc.) as energy source represent clean and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional methods, particularly Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants, which have been proved as a reliable system for power generation. On the other hand, although more than 70% of the Earth's surface is water, fresh water represents only 2.5% of the total volume in the hydrosphere, approximately, being the rest saline water. Furthermore, of that fresh water percentage, a 69% is contained in form of glaciers and ice sheets, from which its extraction does not result neither economically nor environmentally viable. Therefore, the fresh water production by means of seawater desalination can help to solve water supply problems in arid areas of the world, as it has been proved in Middle East countries since the middle of the twentieth century. In addition, regions of the world suffering from water stress habitually have high levels of solar irradiation and access to the sea, which suggest the use of solar energy to produce fresh water by seawater desalination in those regions. Also, the power and water supply issues are linked, because power generation, either by conventional or renewable technologies, need great amounts of water (particularly for the cooling requirements of the power cycle), and fresh water production by seawater desalination require high amounts of energy. Therefore, the combined generation of power and fresh water by integrating desalination processes and concentrating solar power plants, concept known as CSP+D, may help to solve the issues emerged regarding the power and water supply in such regions of the world. The specific objectives and goals set out in the present research work are to develop a partial-load model for the Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) seawater desalination process with Thermal Vapour Compression (TVC) (variable nozzle thermocompressors) integrated in a CSP plant (similar to Andasol I plant) as a tool to simulate the plant performance regarding both, electricity and water production, and to analyse high efficient MED processes and their integration within parabolic trough concentrating solar power plants. To that end, firstly a literature review on CSP+D has been performed to present the state-of-the-art of this technology and different approaches to this concept. Then, a preliminary thermo-economic study has been carried out for a particular case of the combination of a parabolic trough CSP plant with direct steam generation and two different desalination technologies, Reverse Osmosis (RO) and multi-effect distillation. Results obtained show that the bet coupling option, which produce the lower levelised cost of water, is the RO process. Also, it is recommended its indirect integration with the CSP plant, connected directly to the local grid. It is concluded that, in view of the lack of agreement among scientific community about the most suitable technology for integrating with a CSP plant and due to the potential of the combined freshwater and power production with MED and CSP, further investigation with higher efficient MED plants is needed. In this regard, two methods to improve the efficiency of MED processes have been investigated: the increase of the number of effects, which leads to an increase in the Top Brine Temperature (TBT), and its coupling with thermocompressors. The first case has been assessed by using seawater pretreatments that permit to elevate the temperature of the MED process without scale formation, like the nanofiltration membranes. For this purpose, a detailed mathematical model has been developed for a MED plant with forward-feed configuration and the model was implemented within Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software environment. Such feed arrangement has been selected in order to minimize the scale risk on the tubes of the heat exchangers. Results show that the Gain Output Ratio (GOR) is greatly improved (up to a 70%), while the specific heat transfer area and specific energy consumption are significantly reduced (11 and 45%, respectively). Despite of the great potential of this improvement to the MED process, the analysis of its integration into a CSP plant has been not pursued because there are not commercial MED plants using the forward feed scheme. Moreover, the increase of auxiliary consumption attributable to nanofiltration pretreatment may be not suitable for solar applications. Most commercial MED plants are based on the parallel feed MED-TVC process, which presents several advantages for its coupling with power plants. Therefore, this technology has been selected for the analysis of its coupling with CSP plants. A preliminary evaluation has been performed for a particular case study, simulating the power and water productions of a parabolic trough CSP plant of 50 MWe, with features similar to commercial Andasol-I CSP plant, and a MED-TVC unit of 10,000 m3/d, based on commercial Trapani plant (Italy), during three representative days in winter and summer periods. Two different steam extractions have been considered to feed the MED-TVC unit, one from the high pressure turbine, and other from the low pressure turbine. The CSP model has been taken from the literature and implemented in MATLAB software environment, and the power block model, implemented in EES, has been developed to simulate part load conditions. From this assessment it is concluded that different integration schemes are needed to accomplish for the different profile demands of power and water during the year, in order to promote the power generation or the water production. Later, a parametric study of the integration of a parallel/cross MED-TVC, based on Trapani commercial plant, with a Rankine cycle power block similar to that one of Andasol-I, has been carried out in order to identify the best coupling arrangement, in terms of efficiency and minimum specific heat transfer area. To that end, a detailed design mathematical model of the MED-TVC unit has been developed and validated against actual data. It is found that the maximum GOR and minimum specific area are reached for a particular thermocompressor location, depending on the motive steam pressure fed into the thermocompressor. Also, an operation MED-TVC model has been developed, based on the design model, and used to determine the operational limits of the integration with a Rankine cycle power block that allowed the MED unit to work in nominal conditions (which has been possible by considering variable nozzle thermocompressors), for four different steam extractions of the turbines. For this purpose, the power block has been simulated at different loads, and a control algorithm has been also introduced in order to maintain the maximum brine salinity under 70,000 ppm and the end condenser temperature around 37 °C. Finally, annual simulations of the coupling between a parallel/cross MED-TVC unit and a parabolic trough CSP have been performed, considering Almería (Spain) as the geographical location of the cogeneration plant. The models previously presented for the solar field, power block and desalination unit (off-design models) have been used. As a particular case study, the daily, monthly and yearly power and water productions have been estimated, using two different steam extractions, equal to those ones identified in the previous analyses: one from the high pressure turbine, at 45.4 bar, and other from the low pressure turbine, at 3.63 bar, which have been used alternatively to feed the MED-TVC unit depending on the monthly power demand for that location

Tecnología híbrida de desalinización avanzada solar-gas basada en captadores solares estáticos( Book )

1 edition published in 2007 in Spanish and held by 2 WorldCat member libraries worldwide

Eficiencia energética en el prediseño de plantas de desalación de agua de mar por ósmosis inversa Trabajo Fin de Grado by Alejandro Solís Hernández( Book )

1 edition published in 2015 in Spanish and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide

Análisis termoeconómico de la desalación de agua de mar mediante ósmosis directa Trabajo Fin de Grado by Mª Eugenia Pareja-Obregón Matas( Book )

1 edition published in 2016 in Spanish and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide

Tratamiento de aguas industriales mineras mediante ósmosis inversa aplicación a Perú : Trabajo Fin de Master by Reina Rodríguez. Mercedes( Book )

1 edition published in 2018 in Spanish and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide

Estudio de una planta híbrida mareomotriz de doble cuenca/solar PV para su aplicación a tecnologías del agua Trabajo Fin de Máster by Marta María Guillén de la Oliva( Book )

1 edition published in 2020 in Spanish and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide

Desalación de agua de mar por ósmosis inversaen Nueva Caledonia Introducción a la tecnología, características y costes, prediseño de una planta desalinizadora aplicadoal caso de Nueva Caledonia : Trabajo Fin de Master by Arthur Nagle( Book )

1 edition published in 2016 in Spanish and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide

Desalación de agua de mar en planta termosolar de cilindroparabólico de 50 mw [Proyecto Fin de Carrera] by Fernando Ruiz Ruiz( Book )

1 edition published in 2014 in Spanish and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide

El conflicto de Yugoslavia : antecedentes y claves de la guerra by María Teresa Gutiérrez Lázaro( )

1 edition published in 1997 in Spanish and held by 1 WorldCat member library worldwide