Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals

Dermal absorption by J Kielhorn ( )
8 editions published in 2006 in English and held by 315 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
This new volume in the Environmental Health Criteria Series presents an overview of dermal absorption and its consideration in the risk assessment of chemicals. It describes the methods available to assess dermal absorption, the significance of skin as a route of exposure and the interpretation of results of dermal absorption studies for risk assessment. In addition, it presents and discusses current topics of interest in the field of dermal absorption. This book will be useful to biology and toxicology scientists and researchers, as well as to regulatory authorities and the chemical industry

Principles for modelling dose-response for the risk assessment of chemicals by WHO Task Group on Environmental Health Criteria on Principles for Modelling Dose-Response for the Risk Assessment of Chemicals ( )
8 editions published in 2009 in English and held by 312 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
This volume is part of the ongoing review of the underlying scientific bases for decision-making in chemical risk assessment by International Program on Chemical Safety. It involves specific consideration of the area of dose-response assessment in the evaluation of information from toxicological studies in animals and from human clinical and epidemiological studies. It covers toxicants with threshold effects and those for which there may be no practical threshold, such as substances that are genotoxic and carcinogenic. The discussions are concerned with that subset of cause-effect relationships commonly referred to as dose-response models, which are typically used to characterize the biological effects of intentional (e.g. drugs and nutrients) and unintentional (e.g. contaminants) exposure to chemicals. This report is intended primarily to provide descriptive guidance for risk assessors in using dose-response modeling in hazard characterization. It will also provide mathematical modelers with an appreciation of issues to be considered when modeling in the context of the risk assessment process. Risk managers will be able to obtain a general understanding of the applications and limitations of dose-response modeling. For both risk assessors and risk managers, some considerations for communicating the results of risk assessments that use dose-response modeling are presented.--Publisher's description

Principles of characterizing and applying human exposure models by International Program on Chemical Safety ( )
5 editions published in 2005 in English and held by 311 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
The objective of this manual is to provide guidance to risk assessors on the use of quantitative toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic data to address interspecies and interindividual differences in dose and concentration-response assessment. Section 1 focuses on the relevance of this guidance in the context of the broader risk assessment paradigm and other initiatives of the International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) project on the Harmonization of Approaches to the Assessment of Risk from Exposure to Chemicals. Technical background material is presented in section 2, followed by generic guidance for the development of chemical-specific adjustment factors in section 3 and accompanying summary figures. Illustrative case-studies are included in an Appendix, and a glossary of terms is also provided.--Publisher's description

Principles and methods for the assessment of risk from essential trace elements by Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals ( Book )
9 editions published between 2001 and 2002 in English and held by 298 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
Annotation

2-butenal by J Kielhorn ( )
9 editions published in 2008 in English and held by 295 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
2-Butenal (also known as crotonaldehyde) is an ab-unsaturated aldehyde and consequently a very reactive compound. It is a chemical intermediate used chiefly in the manufacture of sorbates, solvents, and, to a lesser extent, pharmaceutical products and aroma chemicals. This publication studies the pharmacokinetics, environmental exposure, chemical toxicology and carcinogenicity of 2-butenal. However, to enable an understanding and evaluation of this aldehyde in the context of environmental health, other aldehydes, such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein, are mentioned for comparison.--Publisher's description

Elemental speciation in human health risk assessment by P Apostoli ( )
8 editions published in 2006 in English and held by 279 WorldCat member libraries worldwide

Skin sensitization in chemical risk assessment by International Program on Chemical Safety ( )
6 editions published between 2007 and 2008 in English and held by 277 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
This publication presents the conclusions of an IPCS Workshop on Skin Sensitization in Chemical Risk Assessment. The workshop focused on the question of methods for dose-response assessment, to evaluate the relative ability of a chemical to induce sensitization in the skin, and hence inform risk assessment for humans. In addition this publication includes a series of short articles on this topic by leading experts in the field. The conclusions of the workshop cover such aspects as the nature and utility for risk assessment of the data produced by non-animal test methods (such as quantitative structure-activity relationships), in vitro testing approaches, animal test methods, and epidemiological studies. While traditional animal test methods used for identification and regulation of skin sensitizers have focused on determining whether or not a substance is a sensitizer, this report describes the use of tests for deriving more informative potency information.--Publisher's description

Principles for evaluating health risks in children associated with exposure to chemicals by Germaine Buck Louis ( )
6 editions published in 2006 in English and held by 276 WorldCat member libraries worldwide

WHO recommended classification of pesticides by hazard and guidelines to classification 2009 by International Program on Chemical Safety ( )
10 editions published in 2010 in English and held by 271 WorldCat member libraries worldwide
"The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard was approved by the 28th World Health Assembly in 1975 and has since gained wide acceptance. When it was published in the WHO Chronicle, 29, 397-401 (1975), an annex, which was not part of the Classification, illustrated its use by listing examples of classification of some pesticidal active ingredients and their formulations. Later suggestions were made by Member States and pesticide registration authorities that further guidance should be given on the classification of individual pesticides. Guidelines were first issued in 1978, and have since been revised and reissued every few years. Up until the present revision the original guidelines approved by the World Health Assembly in 1975 have been followed without amendment. In December, 2002 the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and on the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (UNCETDG/GHS) approved a document called 'The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals' with the intent to provide a globally-harmonized system¹ (GHS) to address classification of chemicals, labels, and safety data sheets. The GHS (with subsequent revisions) is now being widely used for the classification and labeling of chemicals worldwide. For this revision of the Classification the WHO Hazard Classes have been aligned in an appropriate way with the GHS Acute Toxicity Hazard Categories for acute oral or dermal toxicity as the starting point for allocating pesticides to a WHO Hazard Class (with adjustments for individual pesticides where required). It is anticipated that few of the more toxic pesticides will change WHO Hazard Class as a result of this change. As has always been the case, the classification of some pesticides has been adjusted to take account of severe hazards to health other than acute toxicity (as described in Part II). The GHS Acute Toxicity Hazard Category for each pesticide is now presented alongside the existing information"--p. 1

Principles for the assessment of risks to human health from exposure to chemicals by International Program on Chemical Safety ( Book )
2 editions published in 1999 in English and held by 204 WorldCat member libraries worldwide