Tyson, Karen W.

State policy options : health care markets and regulation : determining the competitiveness of health care markets by Karen W Tyson ( Book )
1 edition published in 1982 in English and held by 4 libraries worldwide

Assessing cost-reduction initiatives in a changing defense acquisition environment : a handbook ( Book )
2 editions published in 1998 in English and held by 3 libraries worldwide
In the changing defense acquisition environment, cost analysts have been confronted with claims of significant savings from new manufacturing techniques and other cost reduction initiatives. In some cases, acquisition programs would be unaffordable without these initiatives. This handbook provides methods for assessing the realism of savings estimates from cost reduction initiatives. While the initiatives are of recent vintage, some of them have historical antecedents or have been practiced in the commercial world before their adoption by government contractors. Evidence from these practices can be helpful in assessing the initiatives. The handbook provides this historical perspective, including early implementations and lessons, where available. It also provides a taxonomy of the initiatives, including generally accepted definitions, hypothesized cost impacts, benefits, and caveats. The potential impact of interdependencies among initiatives is highlighted. A recommended process for assessing initiatives, based on an investment framework of costs and benefits, is also presented and discussed.

Weapon reliability and logistic support costs in a combat environment ( Book )
2 editions published between 1989 and 1990 in English and held by 3 libraries worldwide
This paper reports on the development of a methodology for assessing the tradeoffs between equipment reliability and logistic support under combat conditions. In theory, improvements in reliability have two payoffs-cost is lower and sortie generation capability is higher. This analysis estimates the magnitudes of these payoffs, using the F-15 as an example, under baseline conditions and under conditions of maintenance delay, battle damage, and attrition. In the most severe combat condition case, higher reliability results in a one-third increase in the number of sorties achieved, at one-third the spares cost per sortie. Challenging sortie schedules were also examined. In the most severe case--a 30 day surge situation with maintenance delay, attrition, and the battle damage--the high-reliability fighter achieved 358 sorties, vs. only 233 for the normal-reliability case. The paper also discusses possible methods for doing the same type of analysis for new systems, before data on costs and demands for parts are available.

Acquiring major systems : cost and schedule trends and acquisition initiative effectiveness ( Book )
2 editions published in 1989 in English and held by 2 libraries worldwide
This paper examines trends in the outcomes (in terms of costs and schedules) of major weapons system acquisition programs and assesses the effectiveness of management initiatives in improving these outcomes. Program outcomes are assessed by equipment type (including aircraft, tactical munitions, electronics, strategic missiles, and satellites), by time period, by phase (development and production), and by type (new or modification). The major drivers of total program cost growth are also examined. The initiatives assessed include multi-year procurement, prototyping, total package procurement and fixed-price development, dual-source competition, design-to-cost, and contract incentives.

The Accuracy of Independent Estimates of the Procurement Costs of Major Systems ( Book )
1 edition published in 2005 in English and held by 2 libraries worldwide
This paper reports the results of an assessment of the accuracy of the independent estimates of procurement costs the Department of Defense uses in milestone reviews of major acquisition programs. IDA initially examined 63 major programs that received authorization to begin Engineering and Manufacturing Development during the years 1985 through 1998. The data needed to evaluate the accuracy of the independent procurement cost estimates could be located for only 25 of these programs. IDA found that the independent cost estimate was reasonably accurate for 18 of those 25 cases. In the remaining cases, the independent estimate was sometimes substantially too high and sometimes substantially too low.

Defense Department Profit and Contract Finance Policies and Their Effects on Contract and Contractor Performance ( Book )
2 editions published between 2008 and 2009 in English and held by 1 library worldwide
The Defense Department, through the military services, buys equipment and services for which no open market exists. In negotiating the contracts for these acquisitions, the government has policy guidelines to aid the contracting officer in developing a reasonable amount of profit to pay the contractor. The goal of profit policy is a contract price that reimburses the contractor for its costs, provides the necessary incentives to yield beneficial performance, and to provide the contractor with sufficient risk reward. The effect of profit policy on contractor profits is inextricably linked to the type of contract financing policy the government uses in an acquisition. The authors examine the effectiveness of these two policy tools, profit and contract financing, on achieving contract outcomes and contractor financial performance. They also look at how these policies are implemented by the Defense Department. Their methodologies include analyses of profit target setting and actual contract results data in addition to discounted cash flow modeling to value a contract or contract stream to an investor. This study as a whole is concerned with two questions about profit policy. First, in what ways does profit policy provide incentives or disincentives with respect to cost growth, schedule slips, and the performance features of a system eventually provided to the Department of Defense? Specifically, the authors are interested in whether or not profit policy can be reliably manipulated to encourage desirable outcomes on particular contracts. Second, does profit policy provide defense contractors with a profit that is large enough to retain these firms in the defense industry? Each of these questions presents several distinct issues which IDA approached using different methods and data.

Assessment of Industry Investment in U.S. Domestic Production of Strategic Materials ( Book )
1 edition published in 2008 in English and held by 1 library worldwide
IDA assisted the Strategic Materials Protection Board in assessing the extent to which domestic producers of strategic materials are investing to ensure continued domestic production of these materials. IDA identified the domestic producers of strategic materials developed a data request to the companies and developed evaluation criteria. The paper presents analyses of company investment using public data and a non-proprietary summary of the survey results. We found that U.S. strategic materials producers are investing for continued domestic production. The titanium sector is investing aggressively in anticipation of a growing share of global commercial aerospace material markets for dramatic expansion. The specialty steel sector is now starting to invest more capital to serve expanding markets worldwide for more modest growth. Many companies are planning future investments though it is expected that this will depend on economic conditions.

Infrastructure Rationalization in the U.S. Naval Ship Industrial Base ( Book )
1 edition published in 2008 in English and held by 1 library worldwide
Because of decreased demand for new ship construction the number of U.S. shipyards capable of handling new construction and conversion programs for the U.S. Navy decreased through the 1970s and 1980s. In 1993 the Defense Department established a policy to consolidate and rationalize (reduce infrastructure) within the defense industry in the face of the lower demand experienced following the end of the cold war. IDA looked at infrastructure rationalization in the major ship industrial base. Before the 1993 consolidation wave the six major shipyards were owned by five independent companies. After the last major acquisition in 2001 the same six shipyards were owned by just two companies. We examined the financial and economic implications of the ownership consolidations since 1993. In particular we measured the extent of infrastructure rationalization that has occurred as a direct result of industry restructuring. We also explored factors and barriers that encourage or discourage rationalization of the defense industrial base generally by comparing the results of the ship industry consolidation with consolidations in the aircraft and missile industries.

Acquisition Initiatives in the New Environment: Multi-year Procurement Update ( Book )
1 edition published in 1998 in English and held by 1 library worldwide
This document is an annotated briefing about the use of multi-year procurement (MYP) as a means of acquiring weapon systems. Historically, MYP has been an effective way to reduce cost growth in acquisition programs. We studied the results of recent cases of MYP, among them the CH-47 cargo helicopter, UH-60L utility helicopter, and the Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV). We concluded that although MYP has not been widely used, it is worthy of consideration for use with mature systems, rather than with major new systems.

The Effects of Management Initiatives on the Costs and Schedules of Defense Acquisition Programs. Volume 1. Main Report ( Book )
1 edition published in 1992 in English and held by 1 library worldwide
This two-volume paper examines trends in the outcomes (in terms of costs and schedules) of the acquisition programs for major weapon systems, and assesses the effectiveness of management initiatives in improving these outcomes. IDA analyzed a total of 116 major programs that included a mix of aircraft, tactical munitions, electronics/avionics, strategic missiles, satellites, vehicles, and ships. In Volume I of the paper, program outcomes are assessed by equipment type, by time period, by phase (development and production), and by type (new or modification). The initiatives assessed are prototyping, contract incentives, multi-year procurement, design-to-cost, dual- source competition, and total package procurement and fixed-price development. Volume II contains special analyses of ships and ground combat programs. The management initiatives that show the most promise for containing cost and schedule growth are prototyping, contract incentives, and multi-year procurement.