Front cover image for Introduction to the history of crop development : theories, methods, achievements, institutions, and persons

Introduction to the history of crop development : theories, methods, achievements, institutions, and persons

Rolf H. J. Schlegel
Print Book, English, 2007
Food Products ; BRAD [distributor], Binghamton, N.Y., Hadleigh, 2007
History
pages cm
9781560221463, 1560221461
141381771
Crop improvement
Crop improvement History
Cultures Amélioration Histoire
History
Plant breeding
Plant breeding History
Plantes Amélioration Histoire
Prefacexi
Acknowledgementsxiii
User's Guidexv
Chapter 1. Introduction1
Chapter 2. 10,000 Years of Crop Improvement5
2.1. The Old World
10
2.1.1. Sumeria
11
2.1.2. Mesopotamia and Babylonia
11
2.1.3. Judea
13
2.1.4. Egypt
14
2.2. Plant Cultivation in Asia Since Neolithic Times
19
2.2.1. China
22
2.2.2. India
24
2.3. Cropping Plants in Ancient America
25
2.4. The Greek and Roman World
28
2.5. Arabic Agriculture
34
2.6. Medieval and Renaissance Agriculture in Europe
35
2.7. Plant Breeding by Experience During the 17th through 19th Centuries
40
2.8. Interest
42
Chapter 3. MENDEL's Contribution to Inheritance and Breeding53
3.1. Rediscovery of Mendel's Laws Beginning of Genetic Research
61
3.2. Scientific Plant Breeding with the Beginning of the 20th Century
67
3.2.1. Breeding by Selection
70
3.2.2. Cross and Combination Breeding
72
3.2.3. Pure Lines and Improvement of Self-Pollinated Crops
74
3.2.4. Positive and Negative Mass Selection
75
3.2.5. Pedigree Selection
77
3.2.6. Bulk Selection
79
3.2.7. Backcross Breeding
80
3.2.8. Single-Seed Descent
81
3.2.9. Near-Isogenic Lines As a Breeding Tool
82
3.2.10. Polycross Method
84
3.2.11. Shuttle Breeding
84
3.3. Resistance Breeding
85
3.4. Hybrid Breeding
89
3.4.1. Synthetics
94
3.5. Mutation Breeding
95
3.5.1. Induced Mutation by Mutagens
95
3.5.2. Somaclonal Variation by In Vitro Culture
101
3.6. Polyploidy and Breeding
103
3.7. Chromosome Manipulations As a Tool for Breeding and Research
107
3.7.1. Aneuploids
108
3.7.2. Chromosome Additions
111
3.7.3. Chromosome Substitutions and Translocations
112
3.7.4. Chromosome-Mediated Gene Transfer
114
3.8. Utilization of Haploids in Breeding
116
3.8.1. Doubled Haploids
116
3.8.2. Dihaploids
119
3.9. Grafting Methods
120
3.10. Quantitative Terms in Breeding and Genetics
123
3.10.1. Plot design, Field Equipment, and Laboratory Testing
123
3.10.2. Statistics in Breeding
128
3.10.3. Bioinformatics
133
Chapter 4. Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Plant Improvement137
4.1. In Vitro Techniques
139
4.1.1. Embryo Rescue
142
4.1.2. Cell Fusion and Somatic Hybridization
143
4.1.3. Virus Freeing
146
4.1.4. Micropropagation
147
4.1.5. In Vitro Conservation of Germplasm
150
4.2. Molecular Techniques in Plant Breeding
151
4.2.1. Marker-Assisted Selection
151
4.2.1.1. Plant Genomics
155
4.2.2. Transgenic Crop Plants
157
4.2.2.1. Future Transgenic Crop Plants and Genetic Engineering
163
4.2.2.2. "Farmerceuticals" and Other Exotic Characters of Modern Crop Plants
168
4.2.2.3. Prospects
173
Chapter 5. Intellectual Property Rights, Plant Variety Protection, and Patenting175
Chapter 6. In the Service of CERES��A Gallery of Breeders, Geneticists, and Persons Associated with Crop Improvement and Plant Breeding183
Notes273
Glossary277
Bibliography295
Index317